Multiple Cartilaginous Exostoses (Osteochondromatosis/Diaphyseal Aclasia)
Osteochondromatosis (multiple cartilaginous exostoses) are proliferations of bone and cartilage that are thought to result from aberrant growth of displaced chondrocytes from the metaphyseal growth plates of bone.
The bony and cartilaginous proliferations often are numerous and can affect other bony structures such as long bones and ribs in addition to the vertebrae. The bony protuberances may be palpable, especially on long bones. If the bony proliferations affect the vertebrae, varying degrees of spinal pain, paresis, and/or paralysis may result. Radiographs of the affected bones often show proliferations of bone that are smooth contoured, irregular, and multilobulated. While usually benign, occasionally these bony proliferations may become malignant later in life.
Multiple cartilaginous exostoses has been described in the literature under a variety of names, including:
Diaphyseal aclasia, Exostoses, Hereditary deforming chodrodysplasia, Hereditary deforming dyschondroplasia, Hereditary multiple exostoses, Multiple benign exostoses, Multiple ossifying chondromata, Multiple osteogenic exostoses, Multiple osteomatosis, Osteocartilaginous exostoses, Osteochondromatosis.
The bony and cartilaginous proliferations often are numerous and can affect other bony structures such as long bones and ribs in addition to the vertebrae. The bony protuberances may be palpable, especially on long bones. If the bony proliferations affect the vertebrae, varying degrees of spinal pain, paresis, and/or paralysis may result. Radiographs of the affected bones often show proliferations of bone that are smooth contoured, irregular, and multilobulated. While usually benign, occasionally these bony proliferations may become malignant later in life.
Multiple cartilaginous exostoses has been described in the literature under a variety of names, including:
Diaphyseal aclasia, Exostoses, Hereditary deforming chodrodysplasia, Hereditary deforming dyschondroplasia, Hereditary multiple exostoses, Multiple benign exostoses, Multiple ossifying chondromata, Multiple osteogenic exostoses, Multiple osteomatosis, Osteocartilaginous exostoses, Osteochondromatosis.
Age of Onset: Less than 1 year of age
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Clinical signs may progress until the dog reaches skeletal maturity
Clinical signs may progress until the dog reaches skeletal maturity
Clinical Signs:
Movement
Paresis to paralysis
Painful Reactions
Varying degrees of spinal pain
Movement
Paresis to paralysis
Painful Reactions
Varying degrees of spinal pain
Vertebral column
Loss of function mutation in EXT1 and EXT2
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