Autoimmune Polymyositis
An immune-mediated primary myositis involving muscle cell degeneration, necrosis, and apoptosis. It is thought to be mediated by cytotoxic lymphocyte mechanisms.
Age of Onset: Most commonly between 3-6 years of age, however, any age of dog can be affected
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Variable
Variable
Clinical Signs:
Posture and Appearance
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Cranial Nerves
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Inability to open jaw
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Megaesophagus
Muscle Atrophy
Diffuse or focal muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Other
Fever
Posture and Appearance
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Cranial Nerves
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Inability to open jaw
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Megaesophagus
Muscle Atrophy
Diffuse or focal muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Other
Fever
Muscle
Unknown
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