Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis (GME)/Primary Reticulosis
An idiopathic inflammatory response characterized by mesenchymal derived cellular infiltration into the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Age of Onset: 9 months – 10 years of age (most commonly affecting middle-aged dogs)
Sex Predisposition: Female dogs may be more commonly affected
Clinical Course:
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical Signs:
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Behavioral changes (apathy or excitement/restlessness)
Allotriophagia (eating unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary response
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Painful reactions
Spinal pain
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Behavioral changes (apathy or excitement/restlessness)
Allotriophagia (eating unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary response
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Painful reactions
Spinal pain
Bultifocal CNS (Brain and spinal cord)
Unknown
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