Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis (Primary Reticulosis)
An idiopathic inflammatory response characterized by mesenchymal derived cellular infiltration into the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Age of Onset: 9 months - 10 years of age (most dogs are affected before 6 years of age)
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Clinical signs may come on acutely or insidiously amd then slowly worsen over time
Clinical signs may come on acutely or insidiously amd then slowly worsen over time
Clinical Signs:
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Decreased awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Changes in behavior (apathy or excitement)
Allotriophagia (an impulse to eat unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary light response
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Trigeminal nerve deficits (decreased facial sensation)
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Reflexes (e.g. cutaneous trunci)
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Decreased awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Changes in behavior (apathy or excitement)
Allotriophagia (an impulse to eat unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary light response
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Trigeminal nerve deficits (decreased facial sensation)
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Reflexes (e.g. cutaneous trunci)
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Brain and spinal cord
Unknown
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